Actinic keratoses are precancerous growths on the skin caused by long term exposure to ultraviolet radiation, usually in the form of sunlight or tanning beds. They frequently appear on sun exposure areas such as the scalp, face, back of the hands, and forearms, and are characterized by rough, dry lesions or patches that are easier to feel than to see.
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. It typically occurs on sun-exposed areas such as the scalp, face, nose, ears, neck, chest, shoulders, or back. It can present as a non-healing sore, a shiny or pearly bump, or even a pink, scaly growth. When detected early, most basal cell carcinomas can be easily treated and cured.
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer originating from the pigment producing cells in the skin called melanocytes. Though not as common as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, it is more deadly because of its ability to spread to other parts of the body. Melanomas can have various appearances. The ABCDEs and Ugly Duckling Sign are two commonly used methods to help identify melanomas.
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare but very aggressive form of skin cancer. It commonly presents as a rapidly growing nodule or bump on a sun-exposed site such as the face, head, or neck. Merkel cell carcinomas can range in color from flesh colored to red, purple, or blue. This type of aggressive skin cancer is more common in individuals who are fair skinned, male, have a history of significant sun exposure, have a history of other skin cancers, and/or who have a compromised immune system.
Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most commonly occurring type of skin cancer. It appears most frequently in areas that are exposed to direct sunlight, such as the face, nose, ears, lips, neck, and back of the hands. Squamous cell carcinomas can present as rough, scaly, red patches; wart or horn-like lesions; or tender, crusted growths.
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